Backtesting is a crucial process in the field of finance, especially in traditional markets like stocks, bonds, commodities, and forex. It involves assessing the performance of a trading or investment strategy by simulating its application to historical market data. The goal of backtesting is to evaluate how well a strategy would have performed in the past, which can provide insights into its potential effectiveness in the future. Here's a description of the backtesting process in traditional markets: Strategy Formulation: Before starting the backtesting process, traders and investors define a trading strategy. This strategy includes specific rules and criteria for entering and exiting trades. It can encompass technical indicators, fundamental analysis, or a combination of both. The strategy should be well-defined and unambiguous to ensure consistent application during the backtesting.